Emilie Viennois, Ulrich Meinzer and Mathilde Labouret from the Hugot team publish a review in Medecine Science on the interaction between microRNAs and the intestinal microbiota in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Title: Gut microbiota and miRNA: A couple of star actors in idiopathic juvenile arthritis?
Abstract: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of one or more arthritis (inflammation of the joints) in children. The exact mechanisms responsible for its development remain unknown. For many inflammatory diseases, an altered dialogue between the intestinal microbiota and its host is a key element of their pathophysiology. Fecal microRNAs (miRNAs), small host-synthesized non-coding RNAs found in feces, appear to play an important role in this dialogue. In JIA, while the presence of dysbiosis and a change in the profile of miRNAs present in the blood, in the cells and in the joints have been established, the specificities of the fecal miRNAs of the patients have not been studied. In this review, we discuss the interest of a concomitant study of faecal miRNAs and the intestinal microbiota in patients with JIA, a concept that appears essential for understanding the pathophysiology of this disease.